Needless to say, this is the very definition of a constrained environment. On the models with flash, support for launching large “apps” stored exclusively in flash.TI’s operating system “TI-OS” (they call it “EOS” but nobody else does).Generally, 32KB of RAM, and on the 83+ and later, anywhere from 100KB to 2MB of flash storage (“archive”).A link port which (ab)used the 2.5mm headphone jack connector.The latest models finally have higher resolution color screens.) 96圆4 black and white LCD (a few models had a larger screen but this was by far the most common.z80 processor usually clocked at 8 or 10MHz-and note that the z80 can only retire one instruction every 4 cycles.They were quite nice 45 years ago when they were released!Īll TI calculators generally had similar low-end specs: You might have heard of the z80-it was an improved version of the Intel 8080 developed by Zilog. Throughout the 90s and 2000s, TI released a succession of z80-based graphing calculators. I do plan to continue the articles I’ve started! Thanks to everyone who has emailed to check on me-and I apologize for not being super responsive over email. In the space of a year I’ve gotten a new job, bought a house, moved. Wow, it’s been a while since I’ve written anything. This is not a coincidence because nothing is ever a coincidence with xkcd. There are also 768 bytes in the RAM buffer used to hold TI display bitmaps. I’ll take you through some of the highlights of Texas Instruments calculator hacking done over the past two and a half decades, along with an explanation of why these projects are so technically impressive. True to my interests, it’s all deeply embedded, pushing the limits of platforms that were obsolete when they were released. There was in fact a thriving scene of hackers who had bent these calculators to their will, writing games, math software, and more generally hacking on the platform just for the sake of it. You may be surprised to learn that some of these people didn’t exist totally in a vaccuum. The one who could put games on your graphing calculator. It is not affiliated in any way to the original.In the mid-to-late 2000s, you either knew, or were, that kid in grade school. This version of Pong designed and implemented by Mark Hutchinson. And : OPTN-LOGIC-AND (once again, it's on the third set of buttons)." : ALPHA (pressing ALPHA or SHIFT-ALPHA brings up a set of punctuation symbols).Do : PRGM-COM-Do (it's on the third set of buttons - don't give up).As I couldn't be bothered to make 5 sets of images of different colours, however, the calculator signs represented by images (, for example) will stay black.ĬlrText:0 E:8 P:1 X:1 Y:1 A:1 B:0 S: 30 G:0.2 I: 4 L If you choose to omit sections, however, be very careful to not leave in any left-over ':' signs as this will probably break the game. Blue - Pause and unpause (this also makes one of the sub-programs unnecessary).the ball will occasionally change speed on bounce - removing this will make the game incredibly boring, but if you want to fiddle you can try and just simplify it) the bat shrinks as your score increases - removing this will make the game a little easier) Red - Nitro (removing this will make the game significantly harder, unless you also remove random bouncing).If all else fails, go and get yourself a Gameboy, or better still, a life.
#Casio calculator program games code#
However, I've had a few requests for ways to speed it up, so I've now colour-coded sections of code which should be optional (though this hasn't been tested), according to which extraneous feature they provide. The graphics calculator is not a games console don't expect Pong to ever go much faster than a dying tortoise (or maybe a racing slug, if you're lucky).
Important note: If you don't want to lose your high-scores, don't store anything in the alpha variable 'H' when using your calculator normally, as this is where high-scores are kept. Use them wisely - sometimes the ball speeds up and you can only keep up by using turbo controls. They are gradually replenished as you continue the game. Nitro-credits allow turbo controls to be used.
Type the programs in exactly as shown, using the given names (to enter a return in the program, press EXE). You'll need to type in three programs to run Pong the main program and two sub-programs which Pong calls for certain functions.
#Casio calculator program games how to#
Read your manual as to how to set up programs first. Go and and feel guilty for an unspecified length of time.) (Second note: if you think this should belong in the 'stupidity' section, you are an Unkind Person. (Note: this version is written for the CASIO fx-9750G calculator, although it should work on later CASIO models too.)
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